Figure 2

Using phylogenetic footprinting to detect conserved TFBSs. This schematic diagram shows a hypothetical human gene aligned with its orthologs from three other mammals. Cross-species sequence comparison reveals conserved TFBSs in each sequence. Sequence motifs of the same shape (colored in green) represent binding-sites of the same class of transcription factors. TFBS1 and TFBS4 are conserved in all four mammals; TFBS3 represents a newly acquired, primate-specific binding site. TFBS2 and TFBS2' represent orthologous regulatory sites that have diverged significantly between the primate and rodent lineages. Blue rectangles represent TATA boxes.