Figure 2
Exploring the effects of changes in life history on development. The lineages in red show two independent shifts to lecithotrophic development (in which the larva does not feed and thus has a much simpler morphology) in euechinoid sea urchins as a result of increases in maternal contributions [1, 7]. By comparing convergent changes along the red lineages with those along the black lineages, we can get a sense of the ways in which changes in maternal contribution influence the evolution of development at a genetic level.